The trim was originally held in place by heating pins from the back side of the panel. You could remove the trim completely, and build up the pins to hold make the mushrooms on the back side of the panel. Most glues do not stick well to the plastic. I use MEK because that piece of the trim is styrene, and MEK will act like a solvent style glue. You will need some scrap styrene to make extensions for the tabs.
If you make a hole(s) through the plastic to anchor something like JB Weld, that may make a tab strong enough to hold the part on. You may have to make a small paper mold, and tape it in place, to hold the JB Weld in shape it until it sets.
If you can find a rear door panel (same side) that has the trim intact, you can remove it carefully, and install it on the front door. The trim is the same for both panels.